Methodological procedures, analysis of the aridity, desertification and semi-arid index for the municipality of Santa Filomena, Piauí, Brazil

The municipality Santa Filomena that it was for is included in the Nucleus of Desertification Gilbués, since all other municipalities are part same nucleus are. Data from IBGE Demographic Census (2010) and GDP published by (2009) were used. Social indicators exclusion education income sought. In addition to being reduced, far ideal a good quality life. All social semiarid region very bad. evidence study allows us conclude that, fact, this region, relative terms, numbers concentrated allow inclusion these semi-arid area. addition, justifications additional criteria because belong only one not yet contemplated with its front others already included, including those three nuclei existing Brazil. aridity index tendency desertification Filomena, Barreiras do Piauí, Gilbués Monte Alegre Brazil requested group farmers, mayors lawyers who intend see possibility as degraded area inclusions Brazilian region. methodology used calculations indexes water balance method developed Thornthwaite Mather (1948; 1955) field capacity (CAD) 100 mm. graphs demonstrate variability surpluses deficiencies, replacement removal soil visualization interannual buoyancy. Electronic spreadsheets evapotranspiration, evaporation, deficiency annual surplus generated order understand their fluctuations an aid erosive contributions indexes. monthly rainfall period 1960-2017 acquired climate bank Superintendence development Northeast Empresa de extensión Rural Piauí where fluctuations, anomalies, moving averages, standard deviation, coefficient variance, absolute maximums minimums, studying fluctuation average temperatures precipitation erosivity indices referred aiming at objective be susceptible desertification. physiographic aspects, relief, fauna, flora distance sea evidenced edaphic contribute incidence susceptibility studied monoculture improper planting techniques contributed increase erosion rates changes high risk susceptibility. Areas identified vulnerable desertification, due lower index, may located area, areas present higher vulnerability processes point considered desertified areas. This occur inappropriate use environment. Temperature influences is, loss atmosphere, temperature, greater evapotranspiration and, consequently, therefore, Possibly anthropic factors, lack afforestation beds ponds, lakes, rivers, streams, dams tables, vertical construction compaction urban rural plus transient meteorological systems local factors have periods ( months, years) variability, however known depending on season, summer or winter, evaporation can really vary, they directly related seasons precipitation, air humidity between variables such solar radiation, cloud cover, wind speed vapor saturation pressure, which reduce evaporative process.